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    Month: May 2025

    Nursing Home Costs: A State-by-State Guide

    Posted on by Jeremy Clerc

    Providing round-the-clock, comprehensive medical care for older adults with chronic conditions and complex medical needs, nursing homes are one of the most expensive long-term care options. Several factors, including the state’s cost of living, labor expenses, and demand, influence nursing home rates. Referencing government data and industry surveys, specifically the Genworth Cost of Care Survey 2025, this article provides a list of nursing home costs by state to guide older adults and families in their long-term care planning. 

    National Overview

    The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and the U.S. Census Bureau projected that by 2040, the aging population would reach 80 million, further increasing the demand and labor costs for senior care. Nursing home care costs average from $9197 to $10,326 per month, as reported by the Genworth Cost of Care Survey 2025. The national median rate differs based on the type of room, as shown:

    • Semi-private room – $9,197 per month or $302 per day and $110,360 per year, which exhibits a 4.4% increase from 2023 to 2025. 
    • Private room – $10,326 per month or $339 per day and $123,913 per year, reflecting a 4.9% increase from 2023. 

    Nursing home costs vary by state and are widely affected by several factors, as exemplified by Alaska being most expensive due to its remote location, and Texas and Missouri having relatively affordable rates due to their lower cost of living. 

    Factors Influencing Nursing Home Costs

    • Room type – as observed, semi-private rooms are cheaper by 10 to 15% than private rooms. 
    • Level of Care – medical or specialized care, like memory care, therapy, diabetic care, increases costs. 
    • Amenities – more luxurious and extensive amenities or concierge services also require higher costs. 
    • Labor Costs – the shortage of nurses and care professionals in each state increases the rate for nursing care. 
    • Location – the remoteness, accessibility, and opportunities in a state affect its cost of living and services, as exemplified by Alaska, Connecticut, and Hawaii having higher nursing home costs. 

    State-by-State Nursing Home Costs (2025)

    Referencing the Genworth 2025 Cost of Care Survey, alongside sources like SeniorLiving.org, Statista, and World Population Review, we provide a comprehensive table of state-by-state average monthly and estimated annual rates for a private and semi-private room in a nursing home. 

    StateSemi-Private Room (Monthly)Private Room (Monthly)Annual Semi-PrivateAnnual Private
    Alabama$6,676$7,123$80,112$85,476
    Alaska$31,512$36,378$378,144$436,536
    Arizona$6,540$7,908$78,480$94,896
    Arkansas$6,083$6,692$72,996$80,304
    California$9,794$12,167$117,528$146,004
    Colorado$8,517$9,726$102,204$116,712
    Connecticut$13,231$14,356$158,772$172,272
    Delaware$10,494$11,285$125,928$135,420
    Florida$8,669$9,627$104,028$115,524
    Georgia$7,939$8,517$95,268$102,204
    Hawaii$12,167$13,657$146,004$163,884
    Idaho$7,908$8,669$94,896$104,028
    Illinois$6,266$7,123$75,192$85,476
    Indiana$7,270$8,669$87,240$104,028
    Iowa$6,874$7,452$82,488$89,424
    Kansas$6,296$6,874$75,552$82,488
    Kentucky$7,452$8,121$89,424$97,452
    Louisiana$5,759$6,083$69,108$72,996
    Maine$12,197$13,109$146,364$157,308
    Maryland$10,494$11,742$125,928$140,904
    Massachusetts$12,623$13,535$151,476$162,420
    Michigan$8,973$9,855$107,676$118,260
    Minnesota$11,742$13,109$140,904$157,308
    Mississippi$7,123$7,452$85,476$89,424
    Missouri$5,262$5,931$63,144$71,172
    Montana$7,452$8,121$89,424$97,452
    Nebraska$7,452$8,121$89,424$97,452
    Nevada$8,669$9,855$104,028$118,260
    New Hampshire$11,285$12,623$135,420$151,476
    New Jersey$11,285$12,623$135,420$151,476
    New Mexico$7,908$8,669$94,896$104,028
    New York$12,775$13,535$153,300$162,420
    North Carolina$7,908$8,669$94,896$104,028
    North Dakota$11,742$12,623$140,904$151,476
    Ohio$7,452$8,365$89,424$100,380
    Oklahoma$5,475$6,083$65,700$72,996
    Oregon$10,494$11,742$125,928$140,904
    Pennsylvania$10,494$11,285$125,928$135,420
    Rhode Island$12,167$13,109$146,004$157,308
    South Carolina$7,452$8,121$89,424$97,452
    South Dakota$7,452$8,121$89,424$97,452
    Tennessee$7,123$7,908$85,476$94,896
    Texas$5,125$7,524$61,500$90,288
    Utah$7,908$9,855$94,896$118,260
    Vermont$11,285$12,623$135,420$151,476
    Virginia$8,669$9,855$104,028$118,260
    Washington$10,494$11,742$125,928$140,904
    West Virginia$11,285$12,623$135,420$151,476
    Wisconsin$9,125$10,326$109,500$123,912
    Wyoming$7,908$8,669$94,896$104,028

    Notably, Northeastern and Western States like Maine and California have higher costs, while Midwest and Southeast states like Alabama and Arkansas are relatively more affordable. Among these states, Alaska is the most expensive, while Texas is the least expensive. 

    Top 10 Most Expensive StatesTop 10 Least Expensive States
    Alaska$436,536Texas$90,288
    Connecticut$172,272Missouri$71,172
    Massachusetts$162,420Oklahoma$72,996
    New York$162,420Louisiana$72,996
    Hawaii$163,884Arkansas$80,304
    Rhode Island$157,308Alabama$85,476
    Minnesota$157,308Illinois$85,476
    Maine$157,308Mississippi$89,424
    New Hampshire$151,476Iowa$89,424
    New Jersey$151,476Kansas$82,488

    As shown, Alaska costs significantly more, with costs ranging from $31,512 to $36,378 monthly, translating to $378,144 to $436,000 annually for a semi-private and private room. This can be attributed to the state’s remote location, relatively small labor opportunities, and high cost of living. Following behind are Connecticut, Massachusetts, and New York, which cost around $12,000 to $14,356 monthly, showcasing the influence of urban density and high living expenses on nursing home costs. 

    On the other hand, Texas has the cheapest rates, with $5,125 monthly for a semi-private room, reflecting the state’s lower cost of living and plenty of facilities. Missouri, Oklahoma, and Louisiana follow closely with costs ranging from $5,262 to $5,579 per month for a semi-private room, influenced by lower real estate and labor rates. 

    Funding Options

    Government benefits and other funding options can help offset the high nursing home rates. 

    • Medicare
      • It can cover up to 100 days of post-hospitalization for skilled nursing, but does not cover long-term care. 
    • Medicaid
      • Eligible individuals with assets lower than $2,000, a monthly income lower than $2,901, as per the American Council on Aging, can offset nursing home costs of up to 45 to 65%. Medicaid also covers semi-private rooms in certified facilities, which are 90% of US nursing homes. 
    • Veterans Benefits
      • Offers up to $2,300 monthly for veterans or $1,478 monthly for surviving spouses through the VA’s Aid and Attendance benefit.
    • Long-Term Care Insurance
      • Most long-term insurance covers nursing home costs, although premiums vary by age and coverage. 
    • Tax Deductions
      • Nursing home costs for medical reasons are deductible, especially those exceeding 7.5% of adjusted gross income. 
    • Personal Savings/ Reverse Mortgages
      • Although savings deplete quickly at $108,000+ per year, it still helps bridge gaps, though not for the long term. 

    In comparison,

    • Assisted living costs around $5,900 on average per month in 2025, ideal for those needing less intensive care. 
    • 24/7 in-home care may cost more than nursing homes, with $21,823 to $24,006 per month, but allows aging in place. 
    • Memory care costs more than assisted living, with $7,500 to $10,000 monthly, but may provide specialized care, especially for cognitive impairments. 

    Planning Tips

    • Research locally – since costs vary by state, it is crucial to know the range at your desired destination. Contact providers for precise quotes. 
    • Explore funding eligibility – optimize resources and plan accordingly. 
    • Compare room types – while private rooms cost more, they can provide better privacy for those prioritizing it. 
    • Utilize VA benefits – Veterans may reach out to the Department of Veterans Affairs for eligibility. 
    • Monitor trends – since demand continues to grow, costs are also projected to increase at 3% annually, reaching $11,650 per month by 2033 for semi-private rooms. 

    Conclusion

    Planning is crucial to prevent overspending and allow better care, especially with the continuous increase in costs. With a national median of $9,197 to $10,326 monthly, nursing homes are one of the expensive options for long-term care, driven by care provided, location, and labor shortages. Knowing state-specific rates and eligibility provides a better picture of how to offset expenses, especially with government programs, like Medicaid and VA benefits, and private insurance and savings. For better planning, consult resources like Genworth’s Cost of Care Survey (www.genworth.com), Medicare.gov, or the U.S. Administration on Aging (www.acl.gov).

    Assisted Living vs. Memory Care: 5 Key Differences

    Posted on by Jeremy Clerc

    Planning for long-term care requires a better understanding of care options, mainly assisted living and memory care, especially for families looking for care for loved ones with cognitive conditions like Alzheimer’s and dementia. This article explores the main differences between the two options, summarized into five key points, referencing insights from government data and industry standards. 

    1. Level of Care and Supervision

    • Assisted Living
      • Assisted living communities mainly help those who need assistance with daily care, including grooming, dressing, bathing, housekeeping, and medication management, while retaining independence. Most assisted living communities focus on maintaining autonomy while supporting physical limitations, as noted by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 
    • Memory Care
      • Specializing in care for cognitive impairments like Alzheimer’s and dementia, memory care communities provide intensive supervision, including round-the-clock monitoring and behavioral management. Structured routines are also provided to ease confusion and agitation and ensure safety. According to the National Center for Assisted Living standards, memory care communities have higher staff-to-resident ratios, with 1:6, in contrast to 1:15 in assisted living. 

    2. Staff Training and Specialization

    • Assisted Living
      • Depending on the state, staff are trained to assist with ADLs, help with medication, and coordinate care. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services noted that most states mandate basic caregiving certifications, with 8-16 hours of annual training. 
    • Memory Care
      • Specialized training in dementia and Alzheimer’s care is required, teaching behavior management, communication techniques, and crisis intervention. A minimum of 12 hours of initial training and continuous education is recommended to handle cognitive conditions properly, as per Alzheimer’s Association’s recommendation. Additionally, licensed nurses and therapists are employed in many memory care communities. 

    3. Facility Design and Environment

    • Assisted Living
      • According to the U.S. Census Bureau, assisted living communities accommodate up to 20 to 100 residents, focusing on their physical limitations. Most communities utilize apartment-style residences with private and semi-private residences, communal dining areas, and social spaces. Grab bars and wide hallways are also provided for better accessibility. 
    • Memory Care
      • To minimize the effects of dementia symptoms, like agitation and wandering, memory care communities promote a secure and structured environment with gated spaces, locked exits, and color-coded hallways. Adhering to the National Institute on Aging guidelines, memory care units, including those within assisted living communities, accommodate smaller populations, often ranging from 10 to 40 residents. 

    4. Cost and Funding

    • Assisted Living
      • Assisted living costs vary by state, however, the national average for assisted living was $4,917 per month, based on the Genworth Cost of Care Survey 2024, with an assumed increase to $5,900 in 2025. Medicare does not cover assisted living, while various states provide Medicaid waivers to offset financial challenges. 
    • Memory Care
      • Genworth reported a median cost of $7,500 to $10,000 for memory care in 2025. As observed, memory care costs more than assisted living due to specialized care and higher staffing needs. To minimize financial burdens, eligible veterans may receive help through the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs’ Aid and Attendance benefits. 

    5. Activities and Programming

    • Assisted Living
      • According to the Administration for Community Living, activities in assisted living communities aim to improve the quality of life of older adults with physical limitations, and often include a wide range of social and recreational activities, like board games, fitness classes, and outings. 
    • Memory Care
      • Memory care programs provide structured routines to improve the cognition of those with cognitive conditions. These activities aim to improve cognition and enhance emotional well-being, and often include music therapy, sensory stimulation, and reminiscence activities. Off-site activities are limited to avoid wandering and ensure safety.

    Conclusion

    As discussed, the main difference between assisted living and memory care is the focus of care. Assisted living caters to the physical limitations of older adults while aiming to maintain independence and providing assistance with ADLs, and costs around $5,900 per month. In contrast, memory care specializes in the care for those with Alzheimer’s and dementia, providing tailored activities and secure environments, averaging from $7,500 to $10,000 monthly. To ensure that needs are met, it is suggested to plan ahead and assess care needs, budget, and facility options, with the guidance of local agencies and trusted resources like the U.S. Administration on Aging (www.acl.gov). Search for communities here: https://assistedlivingmagazine.com/search/.

    Checklist for Moving to Assisted Living

    Posted on by Jeremy Clerc

    Moving in is probably one of the final steps in transitioning to assisted living, meaning you have already done all the necessary steps to ensure the community is the right one for your needs, preferences, and financial capabilities. However, this process can be intimidating and stressful, especially with the preparations needed. To ease the stress of moving-in preparation, here’s a checklist that aims to help you prepare the things and requirements you might need. 

    Set Your Healthcare Needs

    • Inform the attending physician.
      • In most cases, moving into the assisted living community is at the suggestion of physicians. However, to ensure a smooth transition, inform the physician beforehand, especially if needing medical care. 
    • Prepare necessary medications. 
      • Check with the community about the availability of your medication or inform them before moving in to ensure it can be provided as per your physician’s instructions. For most communities, medication management is provided, hence, the care team will be responsible for administering prescriptions. 
    • Consider a new attending doctor. 
      • If you are moving to a different state, you might want to consider changing physicians and medical providers for convenience. 

    Work on the logistics

    • Finding movers. 
      • Some community offers moving-in services, making it easier for older adults to move in. If you are planning to hire a moving company, it is better to find one early due to the several options available.
        • In finding a moving company, ensure the community is within their service area, available on your move-in date, has positive feedback, and get cost estimates for budgeting. 
    • Complete paperwork.
      • Verify that all the requirements and papers needed are complete before moving to avoid problems. 
    • Inform and update all necessary parties of your change of address. 
      • Necessary parties include the Social Security administrations, banks and other financial institutions, the postal service, healthcare providers, and insurance companies. 
    • Plan and schedule the cancellation of utility services.
      • Ensure all utility services that won’t be in use after moving in are canceled appropriately to avoid unnecessary expenses. 
    • Add contact information for family and friends. 
      • Inform the people you want to know about your move-in to retain social connections. Also, check visitation policies to accommodate them. 
    • Prepare end-of-life care.
      • While end-of-life is a difficult topic to start, it is better to prepare necessary details, such as a living will, DNR orders, and a power of attorney designation. 

    Downsize and pack

    • Prepare necessary items. 
      • Before moving, ask the community about the items that you can bring to save space. 
    • Furniture, housewares, and appliances. 
      • If bringing furniture, ensure it fits your chosen accommodation and is allowed in the community. 
      • While some appliances may be provided, other kitchen appliances, like blenders, might be provided by you. 
    • Lessen decorative items as much as possible. 
      • Bring things that you absolutely love and let go of others, as there is not as much space in assisted living units. Choose decorative items that you feel most familiar with for comfort. 
    • Avoid bringing expensive jewelry. 
      • To prevent the risk of misplacing and losing expensive items, like jewelry, it is better to keep them at home or in a safe place. 
    • Avoid duplicates. 
      • One to two pieces of an item are enough. 
    • Personal items. 
      • Personal items bring comfort; however, since space might be limited, choose only the best of your favorites. 
      • Toiletries and wellness items can also be brought. 

    On the week of move-in

    As much as possible, do not cram and act last minute to avoid stress and agitation. However, on the move in the week, it is recommended to:

    • Confirm the move-in date with the community.
      • Ensure everything is in place and ready for your move-in, such as clean rooms, medication, and care team availability. 
    • Confirm emergency pendant or watch. 
      • For quick response in case of emergency, ensure you or your loved one has an emergency pendant or watch. Most communities offer these; if not, you may purchase one from outside. 

    24/7 In-Home Care Costs in 2025

    Posted on by Jeremy Clerc

    The elderly population, specifically those 65+, constitutes over 50 million of the U.S. population, further increasing demands for senior care services. Alongside this continuous growth, the demand for 24/7 in-home care also increases, especially for those looking to age in place. Hence, it is better to understand 24/7 in-home care costs for long-term care planning. Utilizing government data and trusted industry surveys, this article aims to provide a comprehensive financial guide for the cost of 24/7 in-home care in 2025. 

    What is 24/7 In-Home Care?

    24/7 in-home care is provided with a team of caregivers, ranging from eight to twelve-hour shifts, to satisfy older adults’ unique needs. In-home care includes non-medical services like assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs), including bathing, grooming, and meal preparation; and medical care from a team of qualified professionals, such as registered nurses and therapists. 24/7 in-home care costs are also heavily influenced by the level of care needed. 

    National Cost Estimates

    The national median cost for non-medical home care in 2024 was around $30 per hour for homemaker services and $31 per hour for home health aide services, as reported by the Genworth Cost of Care Survey, referenced by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Given that 24/7 care requires 168 hours per week, non-medical home care costs are around $21,823 per month and $22,568 for home health aide services, as shown:

    • Non-medical home care: $30 × 168 hours = $5,040 per week, or approximately $21,823 per month.
    • Home health aide services: $31 × 168 hours = $5,208 per week, or approximately $22,568 per month.

    Notably, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that home health aides and personal care aides often require a median hourly wage of around $16.57, which translates to $33,000 for full-time work annually, from independent providers. On the other hand, agency rates are higher due to additional costs for coordination, background checks, and backup caregivers, which are estimated to be $18,000 to $24,000 monthly, varying on location and level of care nationally. 

    Regional Variations

    The cost of living, caregiver licensing requirements, labor markets, in each state and region, affect the cost of 24/7 in-home care, as exemplified:

    • California
      • In the greater Los Angeles area, 24/7 care costs around $27,030 monthly, with an average of $40. 
      • The state average ranges from $27,804 to $28,578 per month. 
    • Georgia
      • The state average ranges from $20 to $27, estimated at $14,000 to $18,000 monthly, due to the lower cost of living. 
    • Massachusetts
      • With a relatively higher cost of living, 24/7 care in the state costs around $27,000 to $30,000 per month. 

    Due to the increasing demand for in-home care, costs continuously change, hence, it is better to contact local agencies and providers for precise quotes. 

    Factors Influencing Costs

    24/7 in-home care is widely affected by several factors, including:

    • Level of Care
      • As discussed, 24/7 in-home care has different levels of care, ranging from non-medical care (companionship, household assistance) to medical care (medication administration, wound care) to specialized care (dementia, chronic illness). Due to the qualifications needed, specialized care costs significantly more than medical and non-medical care. However, demand for a level may also affect the cost, with some states having higher costs for non-medical care than medical care. 
    • Caregiver Qualifications
      • In connection with the level of care, medical aides, including licensed nurses or therapists, require higher wages than non-medical aides.
    • Geographical Location
      • Urban areas tend to have higher costs, especially those with higher living costs, like San Francisco ($27.70/ hour), in contrast with rural areas like Tulsa, Oklahoma ($17.29/hour).
    • Type of Provider
      • Agencies tend to have higher costs due to additional costs, including insurance and trained staff. Costs range around $30 to $40/ hour. 
      • Private caregivers cost less at $20 to $30 per hour, but families have to take care of taxes, insurance, and backup plans. 
    • Duration and Shift Structure
      • Holiday rates are higher, alongside overnight rates. Other agencies may offer discounts for 24/7 care compared to hourly schedules. 

    Funding Options

    Aside from out-of-pocket or private pay options, there are other ways to offset the financial burdens of 24/7 in-home care.

    • Medicare
      • Medicare does not cover non-medical care, like ADLs, and 24/7 care, unless part of a Medicare Advantage plan. However, home health care, like medical services, including skilled nursing and therapy, can be covered, as long as it is less than 7 days/ week and 8 hrs/ day.
    • Medicaid
      • Depending on the state, medicaid waivers can cover ADLs and other basic assistance, but 24/7 care may not be fully covered. 
    • Veterans Benefits
      • Eligible veterans can receive cash payments or short-term care through programs like Veteran-directed HCBS, Aid and Attendance, and VA Respite care. 
    • Tax Deductions
      • Medical expenses exceeding 7.5% of adjusted gross income, like ADL assistance, that were unreimbursed are eligible for tax deductions.

    For other funding options and funding assistance programs, the U.S. Administration on Aging provides resources for care planning. Long-term care insurance and personal savings are additional options.

    Alternatives

    • Assisted Living
      • The national average for assisted living in 2024 was $4,917, and is estimated at $5,900 in 2025, which may be a better option for those who need assistance in their senior years. 
    • Nursing Homes
      • A semi-private room costs around $7,908, while private rooms cost around $9,034 per month in 2024. The estimated total cost of nursing homes can be lower than that of 24/7 in-home care.
    • Live-in Care
      • Those who need less intensive care may opt for a single caregiver, for a cheaper option, with $10,646 per month on average. 

    While in-home care can provide personalized support in the comforts of their homes, nursing homes may be more cost-effective, especially for those who need extensive medical care. LeadingAge studies suggest that the emotional benefits of aging in place can yield health and social benefits. 

    Planning for Costs

    To optimize resources and ease financial challenges, 

    1. It is better to get precise quotes from different agencies based on the care needed and compare them for better planning. 
    2. Assess your needs to optimize services and determine whether 24/7 is necessary or a few hours is enough. 
    3. Look into various funding options, including Medicare, Medicaid, VA benefits, and other state programs, to ensure your needs can be covered. 
    4. To offset costs, you may combine part-time agency care with community services such as Meals on Wheels. 
    5. Provide allowances when planning, since costs are projected to rise. 

    Conclusion

    Through government data and trusted surveys, including the Genworth Cost of Care Survey, the U.S. Census Bureau, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, comparisons between nursing home or assisted living costs and 24/7 care show higher expenses for the latter, with a national median of $21,823 to $24,006 in 2025. Medicare and Medicaid provide limited coverage for in-home care; however, VA benefits, tax deductions, and other funds may help ease financial burdens. In-home care is ideal for those prioritizing independence and familiarity; however, this care might be costly for some, hence planning early is crucial to optimize financial capabilities. 

    Contact local home care agencies or consult resources like the U.S. Administration on Aging (www.acl.gov) or Medicare’s website (www.medicare.gov) for precise quotes.

    Independent Living: Services, Costs, and Benefits in 2025

    Posted on by Jeremy Clerc

    Older adults looking to live independently in retirement can enjoy an active, maintenance-free lifestyle with independent living. Independent living is an ideal retirement option that provides social opportunities and specially designed amenities for older adults who need little to no assistance in their golden years. Referencing trusted sources like the Genworth Cost of Care Survey, we provide a comprehensive guide to understanding independent living costs, services, and benefits. 

    What is Independent Living?

    Independent living is a housing option for older adults, usually 55+, who do not need assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs), but prefer to live in a community with people of the same age. There are different kinds of independent living communities, including active adult communities, senior apartments, or retirement homes, which provide purposely designed living spaces, alongside shared amenities and services. However, independent living only focuses on convenience and recreation, and usually does not provide medical care. 

    With independent living, older adults maintain freedom without the burdens of housekeeping and maintenance,  as per the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Independent living can be part of a Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC) or a standalone community. 

    Independent Living Services

    Promoting a stress-free and active lifestyle, independent living services often include:

    • Housing – with variations of private apartments, cottages, townhomes, and single-family homes, which often includes grab bars and other accessible features. 
    • Maintenance-Free Lifestyle – handles chores like housekeeping, laundry, maintenance, and landscaping. 
    • Dining – flexible dining plans in communal dining rooms. Bistros, restaurants, and cafes are available in some communities. 
    • Amenities – amenities for recreation and wellness, like fitness centers, swimming pools, libraries, game rooms, theaters, golf courses, and walking trails. Upscale communities may also offer spa and concierge services. 
    • Social and Recreational Activities – The National Institute on Aging notes that loneliness is a risk factor for older adults; hence, group activities, hobby clubs, games, and outings are often conducted to promote camaraderie and social belongingness. 
    • Transportation – for residents’ convenience, scheduled transportation services for medical appointments and errands are provided. 
    • Safety and Security – on-site security and a 24/7 emergency response system are provided. 
    • Other Services – Other communities offer pet care, assistance with personal needs, and medication management. 

    Stand-alone independent living communities do not provide assistance with ADLs and medical care, however, residents in CCRCs can easily transition to a higher level of care if necessary, with their wide range of care options. 

    Costs of Independent Living in 2025

    Location, housing type, amenities, and service influence the cost of independent living. Referencing Genworth’s Cost of Care Survey, we provide a range of independent living costs. 

    National Average

    • Monthly Cost
      • The national average for independent living in 2025 is around $3,145 monthly, accounting to $37,740 per year. 
      • Depending on location, luxury level, and services, cost ranges from $1,500 to $10,000 monthly.
    • Projected Increase
      • Median costs may reach up to $4,100 monthly by 2040, due to inflation and demand.

    State-by-State Variations

    The state’s real estate rates and cost of living affect independent living costs, providing significant variations. 

    • Maine has the most expensive rates with a median of $6,162 monthly, due to high demand and limited supply. 
    • Mississippi, on the other hand, has the lowest rates at $1,282 on average per month, which is significantly lower than the national average. 
    • California exhibits the cost difference between urban and rural areas, with San Francisco averaging $7,000 per month, which is higher than the state average of $4,500 to $6,000 monthly. 
    • North Carolina has an average of $2,000 to $5,000 per month, but rural areas like Asheville are more affordable. 
    • Texas has a median of $2,000 to $5,000 per month, with cities like San Antonio being more affordable. 

    Additional Fees

    • Entrance Fees (CCRCs) – ranging from $50,000 to $1,000,000, CCRCs often require entrance fees for future care access.
    • Second-Person Fee – spouses or roommates can save more with a median of $800 monthly offer for couples in some communities. 
    • Pet Fees – Pet-friendly communities offer an average of $50 monthly additional fees, alongside various pet policies. 
    • Parking Fees – Other communities may offer covered parking, but parking fees usually average $50 monthly.
    • Optional Services – Household services, meal plans, and transportation often average from $150 to $500 monthly, as noted by TheSeniorList.com

    In Comparison with,

    • Homeownership
      • Independent living provides an avenue for older adults to downsize in retirement, making it a more affordable option than owning or maintaining a home, which often costs $24,000 yearly, as per Brookdale. 
    • Assisted Living
      • Since assisted living provides more services like assistance with ADLs, it costs significantly more with 40% more than independent living at $5,676 monthly. 
    • Nursing Homes
      • Based on Genworth 2025, nursing homes cost around $9,197 to $10,326 monthly, due to the level of care they provide. 

    Funding Options

    Medicare and Medicaid do not cover independent living costs due to their lack of medical services, as per NCOA.org. However, other options include:

    • Personal Savings – usually supplemented by Social Security and pensions. 
    • Veterans Benefits – eligible veterans receive up to $2,300 monthly, while remaining spouses receive up to $1,478 monthly through VA Aid and Attendance benefits. 
    • Long-Term Care Insurance – other policies may cover independent living if necessary. 
    • Housing Assistance – low-income seniors may receive assistance from SSI and HUD’s Section 8 vouchers. 
    • Bridge Loans – Assisted Living Locators notes that short-term financing may cover the costs for entrance fees or rents. 
    • Home Sale or Rental Income – Selling a home or renting it out can help with independent living costs, especially those in high-value markets. 

    Notably, a 2.5% cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) in 2025 will provide more benefits for over 72.5 million Americans, as per the Social Security Administration. 

    Pros and Cons of Independent Living

    Pros

    • Maintenance-Free Living
      • No need to worry about the burdens of homeownership, such as repairs and landscaping, and can focus more on recreation, as noted by Forbes Health. 
    • Social Engagement
      • Group activities, games, social events, and outings promote a vibrant lifestyle, preventing the risk of loneliness. 
    • Convenient Amenities
      • Easy access to amenities like communal dining, fitness centers, and transportation services. 
    • Scalability
      • Independent living in CCRCs allows an easier transition to higher levels of care without having to move to a different place. 
    • Cost Savings
      • Lower expenses, in terms of home maintenance and repairs. 

    Cons

    • Care Needs
      • Since independent living does not provide care of any form, including assistance with ADLS and medical care, moving into assisted living may be an option in the long run. 
    • Location
      • Urban areas, especially those with high real estate values, tend to be more expensive, like that of Boston, at $5,000 to $7,000 monthly, compared to rural areas like Mississippi with $1,282 per month. 
    • Luxury Level
      • Luxury communities with services like a spa and a concierge cost up to $10,000 monthly, in contrast to basic communities that start at $1,500 per month, according to AssistedLiving.org.
    • Contracts
      • Independent living in CCRCs may require entrance fees for more convenient access to higher levels of care, as noted by Cedarhurst Living. 
    • Accreditation
      • Forbes Health recommends checking state licensing and staff training for safety. 

    Conclusion

    Independent living allows those active older adults to enjoy a maintenance-free lifestyle with an average cost of $3,145 monthly, which costs less than assisted living and nursing homes. However, independent living communities do not assist with ADLs and medical care, and only focus on providing housing and recreational activities for older adults’ comfort and social wellness. Independent living in CCRCs may provide an easier transition to higher levels of care if needs arise. Costs differ by state due to several factors, like the real estate market and cost of living. Since Medicare and Medicaid cannot cover independent living costs, older adults can find other options, including VA benefits and housing assistance, to ease financial burdens. To create precise retirement plans, older adults may reach out to local advisors and other reputable sources. 

    Assisted Living Costs in the United States

    Posted on by Jeremy Clerc

    Assisted living provides care for those who need help with the activities of daily living, mostly bathing, grooming, feeding, and medication management. Assisted living residences are categorized under facility-based care, which provides benefits for seniors, according to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. In the United States, assisted living communities vary in size, level of care, and amenities provided. Genworth Financial and Care Scout’s Survey in 2024 showed an average of $5,900 monthly for assisted living costs. Using Care Scout’s tool for calculating long-term costs, the national monthly median for assisted living communities is around $6,077, assuming a four percent inflation rate. States in the country also offer different rates due to several factors, including cost of living, geographical location, demand, and type of assisted living community. 

    To offset the burden of assisted living expenses, various funding options may help seniors, including Medicaid, Medicaid Waivers, Veterans benefits, and long-term care insurance. Additionally, the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS), sponsored by CMS, provides related data on Medicare beneficiaries’ healthcare expenses to help seniors and families with long-term care. 

    Monthly median assisted living costs by state 

    Location2024Genworth Cost of Care Survey2025Estimated Cost (4% increase)
    National$5,900$6,077
    Alabama$4,753$4,710
    Alaska$10,198$10,504
    Arizona$6,371$6,562
    Arkansas$4,724$4,866
    California$7,350$7,571
    Colorado$5,877$6,053
    Connecticut$8,955$9,224
    Delaware$8,588$8,815
    D. Columbia$8,670$8,930
    Florida$5,324$5,484
    Georgia$4,940$5,088
    Hawaii$11,311$11,650
    Idaho$4,600$4,738
    Illinois$5,836$6,011
    Indiana$5,365$5,526
    Iowa$5,184$5,340
    Kansas$5,950$6,129
    Kentucky$4,900$5,047
    Louisiana$5,100$5,253
    Maine$7,988$8,288
    Maryland$7,083$7,295
    Massachusetts$9,058$9,330
    Michigan$6,040$6,221
    Minnesota$5,825$6,000
    Mississippi$4,445$4,578
    Missouri$5,150$5,305
    Montana$6,134$6,318
    Nebraska$5,118$5,272
    Nevada$6,110$6,293
    New Hampshire$7,431$7,654
    New Jersey$8,548$8,804
    New Mexico$6,613$6,348
    New York$6,300$6,489
    North Carolina$6,354$6,545
    North Dakota$5,335$5,495
    Ohio$5,500$5,665
    Oklahoma$4,823$4,968
    Oregon$7,313$7,532
    Pennsylvania$6,101$6,284
    Rhode Island$7,038$7,249
    South Carolina$5,200$5,356
    South Dakota$4,350$4,481
    Tennessee$5,358$5,519
    Texas$5,250$5,408
    Utah$4,685$4,826
    Vermont$7,873$8,109
    Virginia$6,513$6,708
    Washington$6,976$7,184
    West Virginia$5,600$5,768
    Wisconsin$6,150$6,335
    Wyoming$4,700$4,841
    Top 10 Most Expensive Assisted Living CostsTop 10 Least Expensive Assisted Living Costs
    Hawaii~$11,650South Dakota~$4,481
    Alaska~$10,504Mississippi~$4,578
    Massachusetts~$9,330Idaho~$4,738
    Connecticut~$9,224Alabama~$4,710
    District of  Columbia~$8,930Wyoming~$4,841
    Delaware~$8,815Utah~$4,826
    New Jersey~$8,804Arkansas~$4,866
    Maine~$8,288Oklahoma~$4,968
    Vermont~$8,109Kentucky~$5,047
    California~$7,571Louisiana~$5,253

    Among these states, Hawaii has the most expensive assisted living community costs, while South Dakota has the cheapest. Notably, Hawaii is 91.65 percent higher than the estimated national average of $6,077, while Louisiana, the tenth least expensive state, is 13.54% lower. 

    Staffing as a Cost Driver

    According to the 2024 report of CMS, one of the major cost drivers of long-term facilities is staffing. The Federal Register requires a minimum nurse aides and registered nurse hours per resident per day, to improve the quality of care in facilities. As a result, the operational costs of long-term care facilities increase, with an estimated $4.3 billion annually, according to CMS. Moreover, the average caregiver-to-resident ratio in nursing homes was 1:10 in 2022, considerably higher than that of assisted living facilities, which have lower operational costs but affect care quality. With the mandated higher staff-to-resident ratios, operational costs are bound to increase and affect resident fees. 

    Additional Fees 

    • Community Fees
      • One-time fees range from $1,000 to $5,000, which is used as a reservation fee or to cover administrative costs. 
    • Care Level Fees
      • Memory care and extra ADL in assisted living communities may add up to $500 to $3,000 monthly. 
    • Second-Person Fee
      • For couples or those with roommates, some communities offer a second-person fee of $800 to $1200, which lowers the total cost. 
    • Pet Fees
      • Pet-friendly communities have different policies and may charge additional fees of $25 to $100 monthly. 
    • Amenities
      • Transportation services, parking, dining, and therapy may add $100 to $500 monthly. 

    Paying for an Assisted Living Community 

    Medicaid 

    Medicaid does not cover assisted living costs, however, states have different regulations to help ease financial burdens through Medicaid waivers. Medicaid waiver programs, called Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS) Medicaid waivers or 1915(c) Medicaid waivers, aim to prevent the transition to nursing homes by covering long-term services for older adults. 

    Medicaid waiver does not cover room and boarding costs, however, it may include assistance with services, like eating, grooming, bathing, dressing, toileting, medication management, transportation, housekeeping services, and recreational activities, depending on state regulations. 

    State Variations

    Each state has different regulations for Medicaid and Medicaid waivers, which influence assisted living costs and funding, as exemplified:

    • Alaska
      • Alaska offers the Alaskans Living Independently (ALI) Waiver Program, which allows beneficiaries of at least 65 years old with a monthly income of less than $2,742 to receive cost benefits associated with assisted living. The ALI Waiver covers the costs of case management, non-medical transportation, and other assisted living services. 
    • California
      • California’s assisted living waiver is provided through its Medi-CAL program, which is available to 15 counties. Beneficiaries must have a monthly income that doesn’t exceed $1,677 and may have to move to an eligible county. The program provided a monthly average service cost of $3,000 in 2023. 
    • Louisiana
      • Medicaid beneficiaries in Louisiana must be 65 years old and have a monthly income of at most $2,742. Those needing assistance with activities of daily living receive help through Louisiana’s Long Term – Personal Care Services Program. 
    • New York
      • Unlike most Medicaid Waivers, New York’s Assisted Living Program (ALP) helps cover the cost of assisted living rooms for low-income older adults by supplementing their income. In 2023, Medicaid-covered services, without room and board, were $2,500 per month. 
    • Oklahoma
      • Oklahoma’s ADvantage Waiver program helps cover the costs for personal care services for those 65 and above with a monthly income of less than $2,742. 
    • Texas
      • Texas’ Medicaid waiver program, STAR+PLUS HCBS waiver, helps cover the costs of medical and non-medical care for beneficiaries with a monthly income lower than $2,742. The average service cost of this program was $2,800 per month in 2023. 

    Veterans’ Benefits

    The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides a maximum monthly benefit of $2,050 for single veterans in 2025, which may help partially cover the costs of assisted living. According to CMS data, only 5% of assisted living residents depend on VA benefits and utilize funding from other sources, including private insurance. 

    Long-Term Care Insurance

    Long-term care insurance can cover assisted living services, but requires early enrollment to avoid high premiums. However, only 7% of Medicare beneficiaries have private long-term care insurance, based on CMS data. 

    Personal Savings

    As reported by the MCBS, the median savings for Medicare beneficiaries are $100,000, insufficient for several years of assisted living without other funding options. 

    Cost Comparison

    • Independent Living
      • Usually cheaper than assisted living, with an average of $3,145 monthly. However, independent living communities do not provide assistance with ADLs and medical care. 
    • Nursing Homes
      • Semi-private and private rooms range from $9,197 to $10,326 monthly, which is 62 to 82% higher than assisted living, but offers medical care for complex conditions. 
    • 24/7 In-Home Care
      • Allows older adults to age in place but costs significantly higher, with costs ranging $21,823 to $24,006 monthly, as per Genworth. 
    • Memory Care
      • Specialized memory care communities are 32 to 76% more expensive than assisted living at $7,500 to $10,000 monthly. 

    Planning Tips

    • Get Quotes
      • As costs differ by state, it is recommended to reach out to several local providers for precise quotations. 
    • Assess Needs
      • NCAL suggests assessing needs carefully to ensure the right option. Assisted living suits those with minimal needs for assistance with ADLs; memory care is best for those with cognitive conditions, while nursing homes are for those with complex medical needs. 
    • Explore Funding
      • Know the coverage of Medicaid waivers in your state and apply early; VA benefits and insurance can also help with assisted living expenses. 
    • Consider Shared Rooms
      • Shared rooms cost less than private apartments by 10 to 20%, as noted by A Place for Mom. 
    • Plan for Increases
      • Due to the inflation rate and other factors, costs are assumed to increase 3 to 5% annually, reaching $7,200 per month by 2035, according to Genworth Financial. 

    Conclusion

    With Genworth Financial and Care Scout’s data on estimated assisted living costs, accompanied by CMS resources, including MCBS and HCRIS, and Medicaid agencies, older adults and families can plan accordingly and explore financial assistance options to alleviate the financial challenges of assisted living services. CMS data provides insights on staffing regulations, cost drivers, and related expenses, which helps break down assisted living costs and their influence on older adults’ long-term care planning. As the demand for assisted care continuously grows, CMS initiatives on improving transparency and care quality shape the industry’s cost landscape. Assisted living provides assistance with ADLs and strives to maintain independence to some extent. Compared to nursing homes, 24/7 in-home care, and memory care, assisted living costs less but only provides limited medical care. For personalized quotes, reach out to local providers and utilize trusted sources like Genworth Financial and Medicaid.gov.

    Assisted Living vs Nursing Home: Key Differences

    Posted on by Jeremy Clerc

    Assisted living and nursing homes focus on different needs, ensuring residents receive the right care. Hence, understanding the differences between the two options is necessary to plan accordingly. Assisted living provides assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) and maintains older adults’ independence, while nursing homes help those needing medical care for their health conditions. Referencing data from reputable sources like the Genworth Cost of Care Survey 2025, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and the National Center for Assisted Living (NCAL), this article explores the key differences between assisted living and nursing homes, mainly in terms of the level of care, services offered, costs, environment, and resident profile. 

    Level of Care

    • Assisted Living
      • Catering to older adults in need of support for ADLs, including grooming, bathing, dressing, meal preparation, and medication management, but does not necessarily require medical supervision. Most assisted living communities focus on improving the well-being of older adults with physical limitations and mild cognitive conditions. Older adults get to retain a level of independence, with 24/7 assistance from caregivers, as per NCAL. 
    • Nursing Home
      • Focuses on skilled nursing care for those with chronic illnesses, mobility issues, and complex medical needs, like advanced dementia, stroke, and ventilator support. Medical professionals, including licensed nurses and doctors, provide round-the-clock assistance according to older adults’ needs. This may include wound care, rehabilitation, and different types of therapy, as noted by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS).

    Services Offered 

    • Assisted Living
      • Emphasizes help on ADLs and related activities, including housekeeping and feeding. 
      • Medication administration, management, and reminders. 
      • Recreational activities to promote social interactions and an active lifestyle, like outings, arts and crafts, and exercise programs.
      • Transportation services to and from medical appointments and errands. 
      • Some communities offer on-call nurses or visiting nurses, though medical services are limited. 
    • Nursing Home
      • Extensive medical care, which encompasses skilled nursing, physical and occupational therapy, and pain and symptom management. 
      • Specialized care for those with cognitive conditions like advanced Alzheimer’s and dementia, and behavioral needs. 
      • CMS notes that nursing homes provide dietary plans that accommodate older adults’ special dietary needs, and a round-the-clock team for monitoring. 
      • Mostly focuses on medical care, hence limiting social and recreational activities. 
      • Assistance with ADLs for those with limited independence.

    Cost & Funding

    • Assisted Living
      • The national average for assisted living costs around $5,676 per month, amounting to $68,112 per year, as reported by the Genworth Cost of Care Survey 2025. Average costs vary by state, like that of California with $7,350 per month, in contrast to Georgia’s $4,000 monthly. Costs often include room, board, and services; however, memory care and other specialized services may increase it. 
      • Medicare and Medicaid do not cover assisted living, but Medicaid waivers may offset costs for other services. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs notes that Veterans Benefits, through the Aid and Attendance program, can cover some expenses, alongside long-term care insurance. 
    • Nursing Homes
      • Due to comprehensive medical services provided, nursing homes cost significantly more, with a median of $9,197 monthly or $110,360 annually for a semi-private room and $10,326 monthly or $123,912 yearly for a private room, as per Genworth 2025. Costs also vary by state, with Alaska reaching up to $31,512 monthly and Texas at $5,125 per month.
      • Medicare does not fully cover nursing home costs, while Medicaid covers the costs for eligible low-income older adults. Veterans’ benefits through aid and attendance, and long-term care insurance can lessen nursing home costs. 

    Environment and Lifestyle

    • Assisted Living
      • Promotes an apartment-style living by offering private and semi-private accommodations with varying floor plans, restaurant-style dining, and cozy spaces. NCAL reported that most assisted living communities foster a home-like environment and accommodate 20 to 100 residents. For the safety of those with physical limitations, grab bars and wide hallways are provided. 
    • Nursing Home
      • Features a more clinical and hospital-like environment with shared and private rooms, medical equipment, and more medical professionals. According to CMS, nursing homes accommodate 50 to 200 residents, focusing more on safety and less on communal spaces. Most residents have less independence due to medical needs. 

    Resident Profile

    • Assisted Living
      • Ideal for older adults aiming to retain independence, but requires assistance with ADLs or has mild cognitive conditions. Most assisted living communities accommodate those 75 to 85 years old, who can participate in activities and have autonomy. Suited for those in transition from independent living. 
    • Nursing Home
      • Better suits older adults with comprehensive medical needs, advanced cognitive conditions, and mobility limitations. According to NIH, nursing homes often accommodate older adults 80+ who require constant care, and those recovering from strokes or surgeries. 

    Additional Considerations

    • Staffing
      • Assisted Living – teams are composed of trained caregivers who have undergone 8-16 hours of training annually, and oftentimes, nurses. NCAL reported that assisted living has a 1:15 staff-to-resident ratio.
      • Nursing Homes – require a higher staff-to-resident ratio, ranging from 1:6 to 1:10, including licensed nurses and physicians.
    • Regulation
      • Assisted Living – the U.S. Administration on Aging notes that states have varying standards for licensing and staff training, regulating assisted living at the state level. 
      • Nursing Home – regulated by CMS, adheres to strict requirements for care, quality, safety, and inspections. 
    • Transition Options
      • Assisted Living – Some assisted living communities offer memory care units, ideal for those with cognitive conditions, allowing longer stays.
      • Nursing Home – Usually the final care stage, but those with terminal conditions tend to facilities that specialize in end-of-life care. 

    Conclusion

    Choosing between assisted living and a nursing home requires an assessment of the care needed, health, and preferences. Assisted living is ideal for those with autonomy who require help with daily activities, promoting a home-like and socially engaged environment, amounting to $5,676 per month on average. In contrast, nursing homes suit those who need complex medical care, usually costing more, ranging from $9,197 to $10,326 monthly on average. Utilizing resources like Medicare.gov or the U.S. Administration on Aging (www.acl.gov), help with creating more comprehensive care plans. Consulting with healthcare providers and visiting facilities can also help assess lifestyle preferences.